1. Clinical animal diagnostics 2. Normal vitals for [species] 3. Veterinary lab values 4. Comparative species hematology 5. Serum biochemistry ranges 6. Animal health parameters 7. Veterinary data tables 8. Diagnostic reference guides
Veterinary Science Animal Physiology Veterinary Medicine

“Veterinary Species Reference Ranges: Physiology, Hematology & Biochemistry”

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Physiological Vitals of Clinical Significance in Different Animal Species

Physiological Vitals of Clinical Significance in Different Animal Species
ParameterCattleBuffaloSheepGoatPigHorseCamelYakMithunDogPoultryRabbitCat
Rectal/Body Temperature (°F)100.4–102.899–102100.9–103.8101.3–103.5100–10499.0–100.899–102100–101100–101100–102105.0–109.4101.5–104.2100.5–102.5
Pulse Rate (per min)40–7040–6070–8070–9060–10028–4460–9069–10065–7560–160250–350180–250140–220
Respiration Rate (per min)18–2830–3510–3010–308–1810–245–1234–6520–2218–3415–3030–6020–30
Physiological Vitals of Clinical Significance in Different Animal Species

Trusted Sources

  • Rabbits: Merck Veterinary Manual (11th ed.), Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine (2023).
  • Cats: Cornell Feline Health Center, VCA Animal Hospitals, Clinical Biochemistry of Domestic Animals (6th ed.).
  • Other Data : Standard Veterinary Treatment By DAHD GOV.
1. Clinical animal diagnostics 2. Normal vitals for [species] 3. Veterinary lab values 4. Comparative species hematology 5. Serum biochemistry ranges 6. Animal health parameters 7. Veterinary data tables 8. Diagnostic reference guides

Haematological Values of Different Species of Animals

Haematological Values of Different Species of Animals
ParameterUnitsCattleBuffaloSheepGoatPigHorseCamelYakMithunDogPoultryRabbitCat
RBC×10⁶/μL5–108–119–158–185–86–108–144–66–75–82–44.5–7.55.0–10.0
Hemoglobin (Hb)g/dL8–1514–189–158–1210–1610–1611–159–1310–1112–197–1110.0–15.09.0–15.0
PCV%24–4643–4527–4522–3832–5027–4320–3224–3831–4535–5727–4233–5030–45
MCVfL40–6061–6528–4016–2550–6837–497–3151–6355–6466–7782–8960–7539–55
MCHpg11–1720–228–125–817–2114–1810–1416–2315–1821–2627–2919–2313–17
MCHCg/dL30–3635–3731–3430–3630–3435–3943–4933–3924–3332–3632–3330–3530–36
Platelets×10³/μL100–800264–439800–1,100300–600200–500117–256129–454136–364–211–62120–50250–600200–500
WBCs×10³/μL4–1212–154–84–1311–226–127–183–99–115–1420–335.0–12.05.5–19.5
Neutrophils%15–3330–4510–5030–4828–4752–7050–5826–652458–8529–3730–50*35–75
Lymphocytes%45–7540–6040–5550–7039–6221–4230–4224–58638–2149–5830–8520–55
Monocytes%0–81–60–60–42–100–64–60–372–108–101–40–4
Eosinophils%0–201–80–101–80.5–110–72–65–2450–91–71–40–12
Basophils%0–20–10–30–10–20–20–10–310–10.2–0.52–70–1
Plasma Proteinsg/dL6.5–8.55–96–86–78–96–85–67–87–95–73–55.4–7.56.0–8.0
Haematological Values of Different Species of Animals: The Rajasthan Express

Note for Rabbits:

  • Rabbits have heterophils instead of neutrophils (functionally similar but morphologically distinct).

Serum Biochemistry Values of Different Species of Animals

Serum Biochemistry Values of Different Species of Animals:The Rajasthan Express
Parameter (Range Values)UnitsCattleBuffaloSheepGoatPigHorseCamelYakMithunDogPoultryRabbitCat
Total Proteing/dL6.5–8.55–96–86–78–96–85–67–87–95–73–55.4–7.56.0–8.0
Albuming/dL2–42–42–33–42–43–42–43–44–52–31–32.7–4.62.5–3.9
Globuling/dL2.5–4.53–63–63–45–63–42–33–53–43–41–41.5–3.02.8–5.0
ALT (SGPT)U/L11–407–4826–346–1931–5810–4522–440.6–8236–8910–10921–2948–8010–100
AST (SGOT)U/L51–16924–9360–28060–20032–84160–41280–1805–10077–12215–65115–15114–11310–50
Alkaline PhosphataseU/L41–17244–31168–38793–387118–39570–20040–59560–264118–22520–15015–404–166–102
GGT (Gamma GT)U/L6–1713–5520–5220–5610–606–174–17–––25–500–70–4
Bilirubinmg/dL0–20.1–0.80.1–0.50–0.10–10–30–0.030.31–0.43–0–0.30.1–0.50.1–0.60.1–0.4
Cholesterolmg/dL80–15043–11352–7680–13036–5480–14080–14090–12048135–278129–29710–8075–200
Creatininemg/dL0.5–21–21–31–21–20.4–21–1.52–2.5–0.5–20.5–20.5–2.50.8–2.3
BUNmg/dL10–2520–308–2010–2010–3011–2720–2516–2223–398–2810–2015–3015–35
SodiummEq/L136–144130–160139–152142–155135–150128–142148–155117–123136142–152140–155135–150145–158
PotassiummEq/L4–54–74–53–74–73–55–78–9104–52–33.5–6.93.7–5.8
ChloridemEq/L99–10773–11795–10399–11094–10698–109100–11597–110–124110–13095–115110–125
Calciummg/dL8–118–1411–139–127–1210–138–1210–11109–125–75.6–12.58.0–11.0
Phosphorusmg/dL6–86–105–74–105–101–52–6–83–59–282.5–6.83.0–7.5
Magnesiummg/dL1–32–42–33–43–41–21–22–2.522–2.50.7–11.5–2.51.8–2.6
Glucosemg/dL40–10022–9750–8050–7585–15062–13470–11061–6649–7076–119200–40075–15570–150
Serum Biochemistry Values of Different Species of Animals: The Rajasthan Express

Clinical Application Warnings

  • Stress Hyperglycemia:
    • Ruminants (cattle/goats) and horses can show glucose spikes >20% during handling.
  • Liver Enzyme Interpretation:
    • ALT in dogs: >150 U/L indicates hepatocellular damage.
    • AST in goats: >300 U/L suggests severe rhabdomyolysis or hepatitis.
  • Electrolyte Balance:
    • Camelids: Tolerate sodium fluctuations (130–160 mEq/L) due to desert adaptations.
    • Poultry: Sodium <130 mEq/L causes eggshell defects.
  • Avian Specifics:
    • Bilirubin: Less reliable than uric acid for liver assessment in birds.
    • Glucose: Collect in heparinized tubes; levels drop 50% in 1 hour if not processed.
  • Rabbit Calcium Note: Rabbits exhibit higher calcium ranges due to unique intestinal absorption (not vitamin D-dependent). Urinary calcium excretion is common.

Sources

  1. Camelids: FAO Camel Health Guidelines (2022), J. Camelid Science (2023).
  2. Poultry: Avian Disease Manual (Cornell, 2023), Poultry Science (2022).
  3. Ruminants: Merck Veterinary Manual (Ruminant Biochemistry Tables).
  4. Horses/Dogs: Cornell Equine & Canine Reference Ranges.

Always use lab-specific ranges when available. Values vary by age, breed, and diet (e.g., dairy vs. beef cattle, broiler vs. layer chickens).

“Comprehensive physiological vitals, hematology & serum biochemistry values for 11 species: Cattle, Buffalo, Horse, Dog, Poultry + clinical notes. Trusted vet data.”

THE RAJASTHAN EXPRESS

Rakesh Kumar

I am Rakesh Kumar, hailing from Rajasthan, and I proudly serve as a Private Veterinary Livestock Inspecter . With years of experience in the field, I am passionate about promoting the health and welfare of animals. As the administrator of The Rajasthan Express website, I am committed to delivering accurate and valuable insights into veterinary science and animal care.
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