| Conservation Status | Declining (Population: 73,584 in 2013 from 422,436 in 1997) |
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| Scientific Classification | - Domain: Eukaryota
- Kingdom: Animalia
- Phylum: Chordata
- Class: Mammalia
- Order: Artiodactyla
- Family: Bovidae
- Genus: Bubalus
- Species: Bubalus bubalis
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| Breed Type | Dual-purpose (Milk and Draught) |
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| Alternate Names | Berari, Gaorani, Puranthadi, Varhadi, Ellichpuri, Gaolavi, Arvi, Gaolaogan, Gangauri, Shahi, Chanda |
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| Origin | Vidarbha region of Maharashtra (Named after Nagpur district) |
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| Breeding Tract | - Districts: Akola, Amravati, Yavatmal, Wardha, Nagpur
- Region: Vidarbha region, Maharashtra
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| Geographical Range | - Longitude: 75°57′ to 79°09′ E
- Latitude: 17°56′ to 21°46′ N
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| Main Uses | Milk production (high fat content), Heavy draught work |
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| Physical Traits | - Color: Black with white patches on face, legs and tail tips (Puranthadi strain slightly brownish)
- Horns: Distinctive flat, curved sword-like horns (50-65 cm) carried back along neck
- Size: Medium to large build
- Special Feature: Horn shape provides protection against wild animals
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| Morphology (Avg.) | - Height: 124 cm (Male), 123 cm (Female)
- Body Length: 133 cm (Male), 121 cm (Female)
- Heart Girth: 179 cm (Male), 175 cm (Female)
- Weight: 396 kg (Male), 349 kg (Female)
- Birth Weight: 28.5 kg
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| Performance | - Age at First Calving: 57 months (4.75 years)
- Calving Interval: 14 months
- Milk Yield: 1,039 kg/lactation (range 760-1,500 kg)
- Milk Fat: 8.25% (range 7-8.8%)
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| Management | - System: Semi-intensive
- Feeding: Grazing + fodder + concentrate
- Housing: Night shelter only
- Special Note: Very low maintenance cost, efficient feed converters
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| Population Trend | - 1997: 422,436
- 2004: ~240,000
- 2013: 73,584 (82.6% decline since 1997)
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| Special Notes | - Preferred for high-fat milk production and draught capacity
- Excellent adaptation to hot climate and local conditions
- Distinctive sword-like horns provide natural protection
- Multiple regional variants exist (Puranthadi, Varhadi etc.)
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